What Is Delta-9 THC? A Quick Guide to Its Effects and Legal Status

Delta-9 THC is the most well-known cannabinoid in cannabis, responsible for the “high” associated with marijuana. But did you know that delta-9 THC can be federally legal when derived from hemp? Thanks to the 2018 Farm Bill, certain hemp-derived delta-9 THC products are legally available across the United States.

Understanding Delta-9 THC

Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is one of over 100 cannabinoids naturally found in cannabis plants. It interacts with the endocannabinoid system in your body, primarily targeting CB1 receptors in the brain, which can lead to:

- Euphoria and relaxation

- Altered perception of time and sensory experiences

- Mood enhancement

- Increased appetite

While most delta-9 THC comes from marijuana, hemp also contains small amounts, opening the door for federally legal hemp-derived products.

The 2018 Farm Bill: Why Delta-9 THC Became Legal

The Agricultural Improvement Act of 2018, or 2018 Farm Bill, made a key distinction between hemp and marijuana:

- Hemp: Cannabis containing 0.3% delta-9 THC or less by dry weight

- Marijuana: Cannabis with more than 0.3% delta-9 THC, still classified as a Schedule I controlled substance

This legal change means that hemp-derived delta-9 THC products—including oils, edibles, and beverages—can be sold legally at the federal level, provided they meet the 0.3% THC threshold.

How Delta-9 THC Is Federally Legal

Hemp-derived delta-9 THC products are federally legal if:

1. They are sourced from hemp.
2. They contain no more than 0.3% delta-9 THC by dry weight.

Even with this restriction, larger products like beverages or edibles can contain a significant amount of delta-9 THC while remaining compliant with federal law.

State Regulations Still Apply

It’s important to note that state laws vary. Some states have restrictions on hemp-derived THC products, so always check local regulations before purchasing or selling delta-9 THC products.

The Bottom Line

Delta-9 THC is the cannabinoid most associated with cannabis. Thanks to the 2018 Farm Bill, hemp-derived delta-9 THC is federally legal.